Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment
Volume 26, Issue 4 , Pages 243-251 , June 2004

Problem severity profiles of substance abusing women in European Therapeutic Communities: Influence of psychiatric problems

  • Joke De Wilde, M.A.Ed

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Ghent University, Department of Orthopedagogics, H. Dunantlaan 2, Ghent 9000, Belgium. Tel.: +32-9-264-63-63; fax: +32-9-264-64-91
    • Department of Orthopedagogics, Ghent University, H. Dunantlaan 2, B - 9000 Ghent, Belgium
    • ,
  • Veerle Soyez, M.A.Ed

      Affiliations

    • Department of Orthopedagogics, Ghent University, H. Dunantlaan 2, B - 9000 Ghent, Belgium
    • ,
  • Eric Broekaert, Ph.D.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Orthopedagogics, Ghent University, H. Dunantlaan 2, B - 9000 Ghent, Belgium
    • ,
  • Yves Rosseel, Ph.D.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Data Analysis, Ghent University, H. Dunantlaan 1, B - 9000 Ghent, Belgium
    • ,
  • Charles Kaplan, Ph.D.

      Affiliations

    • University of Houston, Graduate School of Social Work, Office for Drug and Social Policy, Social Work Building 338, Houston, Texas, USA
    • ,
  • Jonas Larsson, M.Sc.

      Affiliations

    • Statens Institutionstyrelse SIS, Drottninggatan 29, S - 103 26 Stockholm, Sweden

Received 28 March 2003 ,Revised 14 October 2003 ,Accepted 27 January 2004.

References 

  1. Alterman AI, Brown LS, Zaballero A, McKay JR. Interviewer severity ratings and composite scores of the ASI: a further look. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 1994;34:201–209
  2. American Psychiatric Association . Diagnostic criteria from DSM-III. Washington D.C; 1980;
  3. Baars H, Verschuren-Schoutissen M. Sociale-netwerkanalyse: een diagnostiek van de maatschappelijke inpassing. Houten/Antwerpen: Stafleu - Van Loghum; 1998;
  4. Bernstein DP, Fink L. Childhood Trauma Questionnaire: A retrospective self-report. San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corp; 1988;
  5. Bernstein DP, Fink L, Handelsman L, Foote J, Lovejoy M, Wenzel K, et al. Initial reliability and validity of a new retrospective measure of child abuse and neglect. American Journal of Psychiatry. 1994;151:1132–1136
  6. Bracke R. Le groupe de rencontre: Le cœur de la Communauté Thérapeutique. In:  Van Der Straten G editors. La Nouvelle Communauté Thérapeutique. Louvain-la-Neuve: Academia Bruylant; 1997;p. 71–76
  7. Bracke R. L'organisation des Communauté Therapeutique. In:  Van Der Straten G editors. La Nouvelle Communauté Thérapeutique. Louvain-la-Neuve: Academia Bruylant; 1997;p. 47–69
  8. Bride BE. Single-gender treatment of substance abuse: effects on treatment retention and completion. Social Work Research. 2001;25:223–232
  9. Broekaert E, D'Oosterlinck F, Kooyman M, Van Der Straten G. The Therapeutic Community for ex-addicts: a view from Europe. The International Journal for Therapeutic and Supportive Organisations. 1999;20:255–266
  10. Broekaert E, Haack M, Kaplan CD, Oberg D, Sallmén B, Segraeus V, et al. The Biomed II IPTRP Project: Implementation of Diagnostic Instruments. European Addiction Research. 2002;8:201–203
  11. Broekaert E, Raes V, Kaplan CD, Coletti M. The design and effectiveness of Therapeutic Community research in Europe: an overview. European Addiction Research. 1999;5:21–35
  12. Broekaert E, Slater A. The development of the early TC Movement, in western and southern Europe. EFTC Newsletter. 2001;7:16–20
  13. Broekaert, E., & Soyez, V. (1997). Manual for the Video Addiction Challenge Test. Unpublished manuscript, Gent: University of Gent, Department of Special Education.
  14. Broekaert E, Soyez V, Vanderplasschen W, Vandevelde D, Bradt R, Morival M, et al. The Videotaped Addiction Challenge Tool: a new instrument for qualitative substance abuse assessment, treatment planning and research in therapeutic communities. International Journal of Social Welfare. 2001;10:134–141
  15. Broekaert E, Vanderplasschen W. Towards the integration of treatment systems for substance abusers: report on the second International Symposium on Substance Abuse Treatment and Special Target Groups. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs. 2003;35:237–245
  16. Broekaert E, Vanderplasschen W, Temmerman I, Ottenberg DJ, Kaplan C. Retrospective study of similarities and relations between American drug-free and European therapeutic communities for children and adults. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs. 2000;32:407–417
  17. Broekaert E, Vandevelde S, Vanderplasschen W, Soyez V, Poppe A. Two decades of “research-practice” encounters in the development of European therapeutic communities for substance abusers. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. 2002;56:371–377
  18. Brown VB, Melchior LA, Waite-O'Brien N, Huba GJ. Effects of women-sensitive, long-term residential treatment on psychological functioning of diverse populations of women. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment. 2002;23:133–144
  19. Carroll JFX, McGinley JJ. Managing MICA clients in a modified therapeutic community with enhanced staffing. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment. 1998;15:565–577
  20. Casriel D. A scream away from happiness. New York: Grosset & Dunlap; 1972;
  21. De Leon G. Therapeutic Communities: Is there an essential model?. In:  De Leon G editors. Community as method: therapeutic communities for special populations and special settings. Westport, CT: Praeger; 1997;
  22. De Leon G. The Therapeutic Community: theory, model, and method. New York: Springer Publishing Company; 2000;
  23. De Leon, G. (2003).“Integrated System Approach” and “Community as Method”. Paper presented at the Intensive course “Integrated System Approach” and “Community as Method”, Ghent.
  24. De Leon G, Jainchill N. Male and female drug abusers: Social and psychological status 2 years after treatment in a Therapeutic Community. American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse. 1982;8:465–497
  25. De Leon G, Jainchill N. Psychiatric disorder in TC-admission. In:  Acampora A,  Nebelkopf E editor. Bridging Services. Proceedings of the 9th World Conference of Therapeutic Communities. San Francisco: Walden House; 1985;p. 132–136
  26. De Leon G, Jainchill N. Residential therapeutic communities for female substance abusers. Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine. 1991;67:277–290
  27. Frank O, Jansson I, Larsson J, Reichmann S, Soyez V, Vielva I. Addiction severity predictions using client network properties. International Journal of Social Welfare. 2001;10:215–223
  28. Hendriks V. The role of psychopathology as a predictor of outcome-scores of drug abuse treatments: overview and research-design. In:  Kooyman M,  van der Heide G editor. Proceedings of the fourth workshop European Working Group on Drug policy Oriented Research. Rotterdam: Erasmus Universiteit, Instituut Preventieve en Sociale Psychiatrie; 1986;p. 41–51
  29. Hendriks VM, Kaplan CD, Vanlimbeek J, Geerlings P. The Addiction Severity Index - Reliability and Validity in a Dutch Addict Population. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment. 1989;6:133–141
  30. Jainchill N, Hawke J, Yagelka J. Gender, psychopathology, and patterns of homelessness among clients in shelter-based TCs. American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse. 2000;26:553–567
  31. Janzen R. The rise and fall of Synanon: A California Utopia. Baltimore, London: The John Hopkins University Press; 2001;
  32. Kaplan C, Broekaert E, Frank O. Biomed 2 IPTRP Project. Improving psychiatric treatment in residential programmes for emerging dependency groups. A European social-psychiatric and social-ecological research and development project (Final Report). Maastricht: Maastricht University; 1999;
  33. Kaplan C, Broekaert E, Morival M. Improving social psychiatric treatment in residential programmes for emerging dependence groups in Europe: cross-border networking, methodological innovations and substantive discoveries. International Journal of Social Welfare. 2001;10:127–133
  34. Knight DK, Logan SM, Simpson DD. Predictors of program completion for women in residential substance abuse treatment. American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse. 2001;27:1–18
  35. Koeter MWJ, Hartgers C. Preliminary procedure for the computation of EuropASI composite scores. Amsterdam: The Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research; 1996;
  36. Kokkevi A, Hartgers C. EuropASI: European adaptation of a multidimensional assessment instrument for drug and alcohol dependence. European Addiction Research. 1995;1:194–198
  37. Kooyman M. The therapeutic community for addicts: intimacy, parent involvement and treatment outcome. Rotterdam: Universiteitsdrukkerij, Erasmusuniversiteit; 1992;
  38. Martens J. Woman-centred approach in the Belgian Therapeutic Communities for drug addicts. In:  Broekaert E,  Vanderplasschen W,  Soyez V editor. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Substance Abuse Treatment and Special Target Groups. “Community as a method” (Vol. 10, pp. 205). Universiteit Gent, Gent: Vakgroep Orthopedagogiek; 1999;
  39. McLellan AT, Grissom GR, Zanis D, Randall M, Brill P, O'Brien CP. Problem-service 'matching' in addiction treatment. A prospective study in 4 programs. Archives of General Psychiatry. 1997;54:730–735
  40. McLellan AT, Kushner H, Metzger D, Peters R, Smith I, Grissom G, et al. The fifth edition of the Addiction Severity Index. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment. 1992;9:199–213
  41. McLellan AT, Luborsky L, Cacciola J, Griffith J, Evans F, Barr H, et al. New data from the Addiction Severity Index - Reliability and Validity in 3 Centers. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. 1985;173:412–423
  42. McLellan AT, Luborsky L, Woody GE, Obrien CP. Improved diagnostic evaluation instrument for substance abuse patients—Addiction Severity Index. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. 1980;168:26–33
  43. McLellan AT, Woody GE, Luborsky L, O'Brien CP, Druley KA. Increased effectiveness of drug abuse treatment from patient-program matching. NIDA Research Monograph. 1983;43:335–342
  44. Oberg, D., Gerdner, A., Sallmén, B., Jansson, I., & Segraeus, V. (n.d.). The MAP System as a clinical tool in treatment planning and relapse prevention. IPTRP Newsletter 4, pp. 12-14.
  45. Ottenberg M. Writings. Roma: Centro Italiano di Solidarietà; 2000;
  46. Ravndal, E. (1994).Drug abuse, psychopathology and treatment in a hierarchical therapeutic community. Unpublished prospective study; doctoral dissertation, University of Oslo, Oslo.
  47. Ravndal E, Lauritzen G, Frank O, Jansson I, Larsson J. Childhood maltreatment among Norwegian drug abusers in treatment. International Journal of Social Welfare. 2001;10:142–147
  48. Ravndal E, Vaglum P. Treatment of female addicts: the importance of relationships to parents, partners, and peers for the outcome. International Journal of the Addictions. 1994;29:115–125
  49. Rawlings B, Yates R. Therapeutic Communities for the treatment of drug users. London, Philadelphia: Jessica Kingsley; 2001;
  50. Reichmann S, Kaplan CD, Jansson I. Social epidemiologic comparisons in a European cohort of substance-dependent therapeutic community clients: a case-oriented analysis. International Journal of Social Welfare. 2001;10:224–234
  51. Segraeus, V., Broekaert, E., Öberg, D., Sallmén, B., Soyez, V., Haack, M., Wilson, J. (in press). Implementing ASI and other instruments to professionalize treatment across national borders.Journal of Substance Use.
  52. Spitzer RL, Williams J, Gibbon M. Instruction manual for the structured clinical interview DSM-IIIR. Archives of General Psychiatry. 1992;49:629–636
  53. Sugerman B. Daytop Village: A Therapeutic Community. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, INC; 1974;
  54. Van Damme, K. (1998).Vrouwgerichte verslavingszorg (Jaargang 6, 1): De Kiem.
  55. Vanderplasschen W, De Bourdeaudhuij I, Van Oost P. Co-ordination and continuity of care in substance abuse treatment. An evaluation study in Belgium. European Addiction Research. 2002;8:10–21
  56. Vandevelde S, Broekaert E. Maxwell Jones, Harold Bridger, Dennie Briggs and the 'two' therapeutic communities: an interview with Juan Parés y Plans (Corelli) about the development of the Centro Italiano di Solidarietà; (CeIS) di Roma.Therapeutic Communities. The International Journal for Therapeutic and Supportive Organisations. 2003;24:85–104
  57. Watters JK, Biernacki P. Targeted sampling - Options for the study of hidden populations. Social Problems. 1989;36:416–430
  58. Winick C, Evans T. A Therapeutic Community program for mothers and their children. In:  De Leon G editors. Community as method. Therapeutic Communities for special populations and special settings. Westport, CT: Praeger; 1997;p. 130–143

PII: S0740-5472(04)00010-8

doi: 10.1016/j.jsat.2004.01.006

Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment
Volume 26, Issue 4 , Pages 243-251 , June 2004

Article Tools